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順酐，又稱順丁烯二酸酐，馬來酸酐，2,5-呋喃二酮等。斜方晶系無色針狀或片狀晶體。有強(qiáng)烈刺激氣味，溶于乙醇、丙酮，難溶于石油醚。與熱水作用而成馬來酸。主要用于不飽和聚酯樹脂、醇酸樹脂、長效碘胺的原料。
Maleic anhydride, also known as maleic anhydride, maleic anhydride, 2,5-furandione, etc. The rhombic crystal system is a colorless needle shaped or sheet-like crystal. Has a strong pungent odor, soluble in ethanol and acetone, but insoluble in petroleum ether. It reacts with hot water to form maleic acid. Mainly used as raw materials for producing unsaturated polyester resin, alkyd resin, and long-acting iodoamine.
也是涂料、馬來松香、聚馬來酐、順酐-苯乙烯共聚物的共聚單體，也是油墨助劑、造紙助劑、增塑劑、酒石酸、富馬酸、四氫呋喃等的有機(jī)化工原料。
It is also a comonomer of coatings, maleic rosin, polymaleic anhydride, and maleic anhydride styrene copolymers. It is also an organic chemical raw material for the production of ink additives, papermaking additives, plasticizers, tartaric acid, fumaric acid, tetrahydrofuran, and other chemicals.
順酐的主要方法有苯氧化法、丁烯氧化法和正丁烷氧化法，但仍以苯氧化法為主。1.苯氧化法苯在V-Mo-P系催化劑作用下，在固定床中發(fā)生氧化反應(yīng)，生成順丁烯二酸酐，反應(yīng)溫度為365℃（反應(yīng)床層也可用沸騰床，但消耗高）。然后用水吸收生成順丁烯二酸再經(jīng)共沸脫水和精餾，刮片得到成品2.丁烷（或丁烯）氧化法丁烷（或丁烯）在V-Mo催化劑作用下，經(jīng)空氣或氧氣氧化生成順酐，反應(yīng)溫度350-400℃。
The main production methods of maleic anhydride include benzene oxidation, butene oxidation, and n-butane oxidation, but benzene oxidation is still the main method. 1. Benzene oxidation method: Benzene undergoes oxidation reaction in a fixed bed under the action of V-Mo-P catalyst, generating maleic anhydride at a reaction temperature of 365 ℃ (boiling bed can also be used for the reaction bed layer, but the consumption is high). Then, it is absorbed with water to generate maleic acid, which is then subjected to azeotropic dehydration and distillation, and scraped to obtain the finished product. 2. Butane (or butene) oxidation method: Butane (or butene) is oxidized to maleic anhydride by air or oxygen under the action of V-Mo catalyst, at a reaction temperature of 350-400 ℃.
然后再經(jīng)水吸收，脫水和精制得到成品。
Then, it is absorbed by water, dehydrated, and refined to obtain the finished product.
順酐的合成方法主要有苯氧化法、丁烯氧化法、丁烷氧化法等，目前上多數(shù)采用苯氧化法，即以苯為原料，經(jīng)催化氧化得到順酐。 采用固定床或沸騰床反應(yīng)器，在V-Mo-P系催化劑作用下，用空氣將苯氧化成順丁烯二酸酐，反應(yīng)溫度為365℃。然后用水吸收生成順丁烯二酸水溶液，再用二甲苯進(jìn)行共沸蒸餾脫水得順酐，后減壓精餾得成品。
The synthesis methods of maleic anhydride mainly include benzene oxidation, butene oxidation, butane oxidation, etc. Currently, most production uses benzene oxidation method, which uses benzene as the raw material and catalyzes oxidation to obtain maleic anhydride. Using a fixed bed or fluidized bed reactor, benzene is oxidized to maleic anhydride with air under the action of V-Mo-P catalyst at a reaction temperature of 365 ℃. Then, water is absorbed to generate an aqueous solution of maleic acid, which is then subjected to azeotropic distillation and dehydration with xylene to obtain maleic anhydride. The final product is obtained by vacuum distillation.
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